Research & Data

Explore gender- and sex-disaggregated data and research on chemicals. Access studies, reports, and evidence-based insights on gender and chemicals.

RESOURCES

Journal Article

Gestational Exposure to 10 Classes of Priority Chemicals and Birth Outcomes in the ECHO Cohort

2026

Importance Gestational environmental chemical exposures are widespread. Some chemicals are known to adversely affect birth outcomes, but many remain understudied. Objective To evaluate associations of gestational exposure to a priori…

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Video

New Science on Neonicotinoids: Reproductive & neurodevelopmental health effects

2026

Neonicotinoids are a class of insecticides that are used widely in the US and globally. They are known to be a major contributor to pollinator declines. Recent scientific evidence shows…

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Video

Plastic, Chemicals & Infertility: What we know now

2026

Industrial chemicals that can affect male and female reproductive function are widespread in our environment. Many of these chemicals are used in the plastics that we use in our daily…

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Journal Article

The presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in sanitary pads: A study done in South Africa

2026

Background Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as phthalates, bisphenols, and parabens are widely used in consumer products and have been associated with reproductive toxicity, hormonal imbalance, and cancer. Menstrual products represent…

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Video

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Women’s Reproductive Health

2026

In this talk, Dr. James-Todd will present epidemiologic studies evaluating the evidence of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals on women’s reproductive health outcomes. She will provide an environmental justice framework to…

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Article

‘There’s a dark side to floristry’: are pesticides making workers seriously ill – or worse?’

2026

Unlike in food, there is no upper limit on the amount of pesticide residue levels in flowers. But after French officials linked the death of a florist’s child to exposure…

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Journal Article

Microplastics and reproductive health: implications for human health and areas for future research

2026

Microplastics (MPs), conventionally defined as plastic particles 1 μm–5 mm in size, are ubiquitous contaminants, infiltrating both our environment and our bodies. These particles, either manufactured at this scale or formed from…

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Case Study•Journal Article

Gender-role norms and livelihoods of female small-scale gold miners in Kenya: A qualitative study

2026

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining continues to grow worldwide and is linked to gendered labor divisions, limited economic opportunities, and exposure to unsafe working conditions. Women and men often hold…

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Journal Article

Identifying chemicals of health concern in hair extensions using suspect screening and non-targeted analysis.

2026

Chemical exposures from hair extensions pose a growing public health concern due to their poorly characterized composition and limited regulatory oversight. Extensions are commonly made of human hair, other natural…

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Video

The Plastic Detox – Documentary

2026

The Plastic Detox is an eye-opening journey into the hidden dangers of plastic in our homes. When six couples embark on a plastic detox within their homes, it changes their…

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Article

Exposure to some Pfas could increase risk of multiple miscarriages

2025

Exposure to some toxic Pfas “forever chemicals” may increase the risk of having multiple miscarriages, new peer-reviewed research has found. The study, which tracked about 200 women in China, found…

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Journal Article

The impact of neonicotinoid pesticides on reproductive health

2025

Neonicotinoids are some of the most widely used insecticides in the world because they broadly target chewing and sucking insects. Neonicotinoids are used in commercial agricultural systems, sold for use…

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Journal Article

The effects of imidacloprid exposure on the mouse ovary in vivo

2025

Imidacloprid (IMI) is an insect-selective synthetic nicotine derivative used in commercial agricultural systems, home gardening, and veterinary pharmaceuticals. People are exposed to IMI through consumption of contaminated food and water…

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Journal Article

Prenatal Exposure to Imidacloprid Affects Cognition and Anxiety-Related Behaviors in Male and Female CD-1 Mice

2025

Neonicotinoid pesticides, including imidacloprid (IMI), are widely used in agriculture and as household insecticides. IMI displays strong affinity for insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs); however, neonicotinoids still partially bind to…

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Journal Article

Reproductive risk of Neonicotinoids: A review of male rodent studies

2025

Abstract Background: Neonicotinoid pesticides (neonics) are the most widely used insecticides in the world. Numerous studies have identified detectable levels of neonics in soil and water, and population-based biomonitoring studies…

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Journal Article

Gender, self-care and toxic exposures: a narrative review of personal care product use and health equity implications

2025

Background Personal care products (PCPs) are widely used across populations, yet their composition includes a range of hazardous chemicals that pose risks to human health and the environment. Emerging evidence…

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Book

Toxic Sexual Politics: Toxicology, Environmental Poisons, and Queer Feminist Futures

2025

Toxic Sexual Politics shows how the founding fathers of US toxicology were ideologically aligned with the chemical industry and thus invented a science that could “make chemicals safe” as opposed…

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Journal Article

Examining the Role of Self-Reported Product Selection Strategies in Shifting Chemical Exposures Among Black Women and Latinas: Lessons from the Taking Stock Study

2025

Background: Personal care products (PCPs) are a significant source of environmental chemical exposures among women of color. Prior studies suggest that individuals may reduce their exposures by avoiding certain ingredients…

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Article

Some condom and lubricant brands contain alarming levels of PFAS – study

2024

Several brands of condoms and lubricants contain alarming levels of toxic PFAS “forever chemicals”, including styles of Trojan and K-Y Jelly, new research finds. The testing conducted by the Mamavation…

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Report

Toxicological Profile for Mercury

2024

Toxicological Profile Information The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicology and adverse health effects information for the toxic substance described therein. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key…

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Report

Beauty & Personal Care Ingredient Intelligence Report

2024

A Roadmap to Accelerate Safer Chemistry for All Executive Summary The beauty and personal care industry is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by consumer demand for safer and more sustainable…

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Journal Article

Identification of Environmental Compounds That May Trigger Early Female Puberty by Activating Human GnRHR and KISS1R

2024

There has been an alarming trend toward earlier puberty in girls, suggesting the influence of an environmental factor(s). As the reactivation of the reproductive axis during puberty is thought to…

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Journal Article

Gender Gap in Chemistry, Still?!

2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate differences between women and men in chemistry, as reflected in their responses to a global gender gap survey. The survey was conducted…

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Journal Article

Environmental Toxicant Exposure and Depressive Symptoms

2024

Importance Recognizing associations between exposure to common environmental toxicants and mental disorders such as depression is crucial for guiding targeted mechanism research and the initiation of disease prevention efforts. Objectives…

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Journal Article

Why gender matters for addressing chemical pollution

2024

At a time when chemical management and governance are high on scientific and political agendas, we call on the scientific community to integrate gender into research on chemical pollution. Chemicals…

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Journal Article

Occupational Health Injuries and Illnesses Among Women Workers in the Chemical Industry: A Scoping Review

2024

Background: The number of women in the chemical industry has recently increased due to more women pursuing science careers. It is necessary, therefore, to analyze the emerging health risks for…

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Journal Article

Chemicals in menstrual products: A systematic review

2024

Background: From menarche until menopause, the average menstruator will use over 11 000 tampons or sanitary pads. Vaginal and vulvar tissue is highly permeable, and chemicals are absorbed without undergoing…

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Video

PFAS & Testicular Cancer: A study of U.S. Air Force servicemen

2023

The US military has used firefighting foams containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) for several decades. The Department of Defense (DoD) has designated PFAS as emerging contaminants due to their…

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Article

‘Forever chemical’ exposure linked to higher cancer odds in women

2023

Women exposed to several widely used chemicals appear to face increased odds for ovarian and other types of cancers, including a doubling of odds for melanoma, according to new research…

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Journal Article

Long-term health and human capital effects of in utero exposure to an industrial disaster: a spatial difference-in-differences analysis of the Bhopal gas tragedy

2023

Objectives: Globalisation and industrialisation can increase economic opportunity for low/middle-income nations, but these processes may also increase industrial accidents and harm workers. This paper examines the long-term, cohort-based health effects…

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Journal Article

Endocrine disrupting chemicals and male fertility: from physiological to molecular effects

2023

The deleterious effects of chemical or non-chemical endocrine disruptors (EDs) on male fertility potential is well documented but still not fully elucidated. For example, the detection of industrial chemicals’ metabolites…

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Report

Combatting global plastic pollution – feminist perspectives for a gender-just approach

2023

By 2025, more than 12 billion tonnes of plastic had been produced globally. Plastic pollution is not gender neutral. At oil and gas extraction sites, women and Black, Indigenous and…

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Journal Article

“It was always just a sacrifice I was willing to make”: Understanding Women’s use of vaginal cleansing products in spite of adverse health effects

2022

Over the counter vaginal hygiene products, such as feminine washes, douches, sprays, personal wipes and powders, represent a growing market in North America. For example, in a recent Canadian cross-national…

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Journal Article

Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of samples collected globally in the 20th and 21st centuries

2022

Background: Numerous studies have reported declines in semen quality and other markers of male reproductive health. Our previous meta-analysis reported a significant decrease in sperm concentration (SC) and total sperm…

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Factsheet

The Role and Experience of Women in e-waste Management

2022

This short material provides an overview of how gender influences e-waste management and illustrates how e-waste sector presents an untapped opportunity for women to excel.

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Journal Article

Lysmeral Exposure in Children and Adolescences Participating in the German Environmental Survey (2012–2015): Integrating Sex/Gender into Analysis

2022

Comprehensive consideration of the biological and social diversities of sex and gender as well as their interdependencies is mostly missing in human biomonitoring (HBM) studies. Using the INGER sex/gender concept…

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Journal Article

A Systematic Review of Mercury Exposures from Skin-Lightening Products

2022

Background: The Minamata Convention on Mercury (Article 4) prohibits the manufacture, import, or export of skin-lightening products containing mercury concentrations above 1 ppm. However, there is a lack of knowledge surrounding…

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Journal Article

Chemical Effects on Breast Development, Function, and Cancer Risk: Existing Knowledge and New Opportunities

2022

Population studies show worrisome trends towards earlier breast development, difficulty in breastfeeding, and increasing rates of breast cancer in young women. Multiple epidemiological studies have linked these outcomes with chemical…

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Factsheet

The Role and Experience of Women in Plastic Waste Management

2022

This factsheet examines women’s roles in plastic waste management within a context of rapidly increasing global plastic waste and heavy reliance on informal systems in developing countries. It outlines how…

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Factsheet

Gender and medical waste in the time of COVID-19

2022

The waste management sector has seen significant impacts from the burgeoning COVID-19 waste problem including the high risk of exposure to both informal and formal waste workers. This sheet provides…

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Report

The Global Health Cost of PM2.5 Air Pollution A Case for Action Beyond 2021

2022

According to the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study, air pollution from fine particulate matter caused 6.4 million premature deaths and 93 billion days lived with illness in 2019. Over…

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Journal Article

Association between chemical mixtures and female fertility in women undergoing assisted reproduction in Sweden and Estonia

2022

Objective: Women of reproductive age are exposed to ubiquitous chemicals such as phthalates, parabens, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have potential endocrine disrupting properties and might affect fertility.…

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Journal Article

Women in agriculture: pathways of pesticide exposure, potential health risks and vulnerability in sub-Saharan Africa

2022

Background Pesticide exposure and its adverse impacts remain a major problem for women’s health, but a comprehensive scientific literature and summaries are still missing. With a specific focus in sub-Saharan…

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Journal Article

The Inclusion of Sex and Gender Beyond the Binary in Toxicology

2022

The inclusion of sex as a biologic variable is critical to understanding how individuals’ health and disease outcomes vary. When reading scientific papers, I often examine whether the study was…

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Journal Article

Menstrual products as a source of environmental chemical exposure: A review from the epidemiologic perspective

2022

Purpose of review: Menstrual bleeding is a regular, common occurrence in a substantial portion of the population. Menstruators may use more than 10,000 menstrual products over the lifetime. Given the…

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Article

Gender – an essential substance for sustainable chemistry

2022

In July last year we, the MSP Institute – Multi-Stakeholder Processes for Sustainable Development, invited various stakeholders to discuss how to shape chemicals management in Germany in a gender-responsive way…

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Report

Single-use menstrual products and their alternatives: Recommendations from Life Cycle Assessments

2021

The report reviews Life Cycle Assessments of single-use menstrual products and their alternatives. It finds that reusable menstrual products have a lower environmental impact than single-use menstrual products. Especially the…

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Journal Article

Mercury Exposure of Women in Four Latin American Gold Mining Countries

2021

This study of mercury levels in women from four Latin American communities is the latest compilation of data in IPEN’s global mercury biomonitoring program. Hair samples were taken from women…

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Factsheet

Gender Equality and Mercury

2021

All people are exposed to mercury on some level, but the greatest concern revolves around the exposure of women of child-bearing age because of its impact on future generations. The…

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Journal Article

Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Impacts on human fertility and fecundity during the peri-conception period

2021

It is becoming increasingly difficult to avoid exposure to man-made endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and environmental toxicants. This escalating yet constant exposure is postulated to partially explain the concurrent decline…

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Journal Article

Ambient and household PM2.5 pollution and adverse perinatal outcomes: A meta-regression and analysis of attributable global burden for 204 countries and territories

2021

Background Particulate matter <2.5 micrometer (PM2.5) is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but the impact on disease burden mediated by this pathway has not previously been included in the Global…

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Journal Article

A review of the literature on gender and chemical fertiliser use in maize production in sub-saharan Africa

2021

Are there differences in men’s and women’s access to and use of fertiliser in sub-Saharan Africa? This article explores the issue through a systematic review of the extant literature on…

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Report

Women, Chemicals and the SDGs

2021

Gender review mapping with a focus on women and chemicals: impact of emerging policy issues and the relevancefor the sustainable development goals In line with the UNEP-IPEN partnership, the aim…

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Journal Article

Sex and Gender Differences in Occupational Hazard Exposures: a Scoping Review of the Recent Literature

2021

Purpose of Review Comparative research on sex and/or gender differences in occupational hazard exposures is necessary for effective work injury and illness prevention strategies. This scoping review summarizes the peer-reviewed…

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Journal Article

Reproductive Health Risks Associated with Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Pesticides

2021

A marked reduction in fertility and an increase in adverse reproductive outcomes during the last few decades have been associated with occupational and environmental chemical exposures. Exposure to different types…

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Journal Article

Pesticide exposure and gender discrepancy in breast cancer

2021

OBJECTIVE It is biologically plausible that occupational and environmental pesticide exposure may contribute to breast cancer risk. Persistent chemical compounds, such as pesticides, tend to be lipophilic and are detected…

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Journal Article

Increased Incidence of Dysmenorrhea in Women Exposed to Higher Concentrations of NO, NO2, NOx, CO, and PM2.5: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

2021

Background: Air pollution is speculated to affect the reproductive health of women. However, a longitudinal association between exposure to air pollution and dysmenorrhea has not been identified, which this study…

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Report

Exposure to hazardous chemicals at work and resulting health impacts: A global review

2021

Workers around the world are facing a global health crisis due to occupational exposure to toxic chemicals. Many of these workers lose their life following such exposures, succumbing to fatal…

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Journal Article

Endocrine Disruptors of Sex Hormone Activities

2021

Sex hormones, such as androgens, estrogens and progestins are naturally occurring compounds that tightly regulate endocrine systems in a variety of living organisms. Uncontrolled environmental exposure to these hormones or…

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Journal Article

Endocrine Disruptor Potential of Short- and Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)- A Synthesis of Current Knowledge with Proposal of Molecular Mechanism

2021

Endocrine disruptors are a group of chemical compounds that, even in low concentrations, cause a hormonal imbalance in the body, contributing to the development of various harmful health disorders. Many…

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Video

How Chemicals and Air Pollution Are Harming Fertility: Latest Evidence and What We Can Do

2020

Approximately 9% of men (1) and 13.1% (2) of women of childbearing age have problems with infertility or impaired fecundity, according to the National Institutes of Health and the Centers…

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Video

Generation Chemical: How Environmental Exposures are Affecting Reproductive Health and Development

2020

To explore the latest science on the generational impact of harmful chemical and environmental exposures from preconception through the life course, the Collaborative on Health and the Environment and the…

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Factsheet•Project/Initiative

ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS AND WOMEN’S REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

2020

It is beyond a doubt that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) impact the health of humans, animals and the environment globally. Surprisingly, we still don’t know exactly how EDCs can harm…

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Journal Article

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in a cohort of women firefighters and office workers in San Francisco

2020

Studies of firefighters have shown increased exposures to carcinogenic compounds and elevated rates of certain cancers compared to the general population, yet this research has focused almost exclusively on men.…

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Journal Article

Volatile organic compounds in feminine hygiene products sold in the US market: A survey of products and health risks

2020

Feminine hygiene products (FHPs) are used on highly permeable and sensitive vaginal and vulvar tissues by many women. These products contain a variety of chemicals, and few regulations require disclosure…

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Journal Article

Troubling Figures: Endocrine Disruptors, Intersex Frogs, and the Logics of Environmental Science

2020

This essay examines the figure of the pesticide-exposed intersex frog, a canary in the coal mine for public endocrinological health. Through feminist science studies and critical discourse analysis, I explore…

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Journal Article

Potency and Power: Estrogen, Cosmetics, and Labeling in Canadian Regulatory Practices, 1939–1953

2020

Building on a rich body of feminist scholarship on estrogen, this account interrogates how potent estrogenic cosmetics and consumer product labels emerged together, through the regulatory practices of scientists and…

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Journal Article

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) as Industrial and Settler Colonial Structures: Towards a Decolonial Feminist Approach

2020

Oil refineries and settler colonialism are not typically how feminist and environmental frameworks scope the problem of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Instead, it is much more common to find EDCs described…

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Factsheet

Mercury in skin-lightening products

2019

Mercury-containing skin lightening products are hazardous to health and as a result have been banned in many countries. Even in some countries where such products have been banned, they are…

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Journal Article

Sex and Gender Analysis of Toxicity and Epidemiology Data on Environmental Chemicals in the Three Major Toxicology Databases

2019

Background: As sex and gender are important considerations in the assessment of toxic chemicals, we investigated whether sex and gender issues have been adequately considered in toxicological databases. Materials and…

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Journal Article

Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A, parabens and phthalate metabolite mixtures in relation to reproductive success among women undergoing in vitro fertilization

2019

Background We have previously investigated whether urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), parabens, and phthalate metabolites were individually associated with reproductive outcomes among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.…

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Journal Article

Transgenerational Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Male and Female Reproduction

2019

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are known to interfere with normal reproductive function and hormone signaling. Phthalates, bisphenol A, pesticides, and environmental contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins are known endocrine-disrupting chemicals…

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Journal Article

Gender norms and health: insights from global survey data

2019

Despite global commitments to achieving gender equality and improving health and wellbeing for all, quantitative data and methods to precisely estimate the effect of gender norms on health inequities are…

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Journal Article

Environmental chemicals and breast cancer: An updated review of epidemiological literature informed by biological mechanisms

2018

Background Many common environmental chemicals are mammary gland carcinogens in animal studies, activate relevant hormonal pathways, or enhance mammary gland susceptibility to carcinogenesis. Breast cancer’s long latency and multifactorial aetiology…

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Journal Article

Measurement of endocrine disrupting and asthma-associated chemicals in hair products used by Black women

2018

Background Personal care products are a source of exposure to endocrine disrupting and asthma-associated chemicals. Because use of hair products differs by race/ethnicity, these products may contribute to exposure and…

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Journal Article

Cosmetics, chemical exposure and gender differences

2018

The use of cosmetic products has always played an important role in human society, and has reflected the social and cultural changes it has undergone throughout history. The natural ingredients…

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Journal Article

Cleaning at Home and at Work in Relation to Lung Function Decline and Airway Obstruction

2018

Rationale: Cleaning tasks may imply exposure to chemical agents with potential harmful effects to the respiratory system, and increased risk of asthma and respiratory symptoms among professional cleaners and in…

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Journal Article

Breaking the Barriers Women’s Retention and Progression in the Chemical Sciences

2018

In early 2018, our Diversity Landscape of the Chemical Sciences report showed a worrying lack of progress in developing and retaining women in leadership positions in the chemical sciences. The…

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Video

Chemical Entanglements – A Symposium on Gender and Exposure

2017

On May 4-5, 2017, we hosted the successful Chemical Entanglements: Gender & Exposure Symposium, which convened a group of scholars, scientists and community based researchers, artists, documentarians, and policy makers…

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Journal Article

Human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: effects on the male and female reproductive systems

2017

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) comprise a group of chemical compounds that have been examined extensively due to the potential harmful effects in the health of human populations. During the past…

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Journal Article

Gender differences in pesticide use knowledge, risk awareness and practices in Chinese farmers

2017

This study investigates gender differences in the pesticide use knowledge, risk awareness and practices of farmers in Anqiu County, China. A total of 452 male and 178 female farmers from…

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Journal Article

Developmental neurotoxicants and the vulnerable male brain: a systematic review of suspected neurotoxicants that disproportionally affect males

2017

The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs), including autism spectrum disorder, attention‑deficit/hyperactivity disorder, tic disorder, obsessive‑compulsive disorder, and emotional disturbances, has increased notably in the past few decades. To date, debate…

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Article

Methylmercury and Human Embryonic Development

2016

Methylmercury (MeHg) is an organic form of mercury that can damage the developing brains of human fetuses. Women who consume methylmercury during pregnancy can bear children who have neurological issues…

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Article

Women still do most of the cleaning: is it putting their health at risk?

2015

In February, California’s legislature began considering AB 708, a bill that would require cleaning product manufacturers to disclose all ingredients on product labels. Although the bill doesn’t directly address female…

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Article

Not so pretty: women apply an average of 168 chemicals every day

2015

Between cosmetics, perfumes, personal care products and feminine hygiene products, women in the US apply an average of 168 chemicals to their faces and bodies every day, according to new…

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Article

International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics opinion on reproductive health impacts of exposure to toxic environmental chemicals

2015

Exposure to toxic environmental chemicals during pregnancy and breastfeeding is ubiquitous and is a threat to healthy human reproduction. There are tens of thousands of chemicals in global commerce, and…

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Report

Higher hazards persist in personal care products marketed to Black women, report reveals

2015

Beauty justice research shows the use of certain personal care products may increase Black women’s exposure to hazardous chemicals. Products like hair relaxers and dyes are linked to elevated risks…

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Journal Article

First trimester phthalate exposure and anogenital distance in newborns

2015

STUDY QUESTION Is first trimester phthalate exposure associated with anogenital distance (AGD), a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure, in newborns? SUMMARY ANSWER Concentrations of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites in first…

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Journal Article

Danger zone: Men, masculinity and occupational health and safety in high risk occupations

2015

The workplace is a key setting where gender issues and organizational structures may influence occupational health and safety practices. The enactment of dominant norms of masculinity in high risk occupations…

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Journal Article

From individual coping strategies to illness codification: the reflection of gender in social science research on Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS)

2014

Introduction Emerging fields such as environmental health have been challenged, in recent years, to answer the growing methodological calls for a finer integration of sex and gender in health-related research…

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Journal Article

Prenatal exposure to phthalates is associated with decreased anogenital distance and penile size in male newborns

2013

Reproductive effects from phthalate exposure have been documented mostly in animal studies. This study explored the association between prenatal exposure to phthalate metabolites, anogenital distance and penile measurements in male…

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Journal Article

Gender differences in health information behaviour: a Finnish population-based survey

2013

Narrowing the gaps in health outcomes, including those between men and women, has been a pronounced goal on the agenda of the Finnish health authorities since the mid1980s. But still…

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Journal Article

When gender bumps into health and safety training: working conditions, readings and challenges drawn from a case study in an industrial chemicals company

2012

Health, safety and environmental issues are at present a social concern and an increasingly referred topic in the so called gender studies. This paper focuses on the relations between training,…

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Project/Initiative

Everyday exposures to PFAS chemicals

Highly fluorinated chemicals called PFAS are added to a wide variety of consumer products to make them non-stick, waterproof, and stain-resistant. They are found in carpets and upholstery, waterproof apparel,…

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Project/Initiative

Consumer product use in women of color

Studies show women of color face higher exposures to toxic chemicals relative to White women, regardless of socioeconomic status. Black women and children also have increased rates of hormone-mediated health…

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Project/Initiative

Household Exposure Study (California)

The emissions from the city’s many industries and transit lines seep into the homes—and lungs—of residents. Not surprisingly, Richmond now has the highest hospitalization rate for asthma in the county.…

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Project/Initiative

Early Life exposures in Latina Adolescents (ELLA)

Adolescence is a critical period in life when the body is changing rapidly and is vulnerable to chemical exposures. Because evidence suggests that the seeds of breast cancer may be…

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Project/Initiative

PERIOD – PER and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) exposure: Impact Of Dermal contact with menstrual products

Menstrual products are essential for hygiene and gender equality. However, recent research has shown that these products may contain harmful chemicals, particularly per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The health risks…

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